# Digital twins for buildings and infrastructure

> A digital twin is not a 3D model: it is an information model of the asset connected to data that changes over time. It is built in four steps: survey or existing BIM model, a model with coded assets and attributes for operations, connection to the systems that produce data (BMS, IoT sensors, maintenance), and daily use through dashboards, alerts and analytics. BIM describes the asset as designed and built; the digital twin describes it as it works today.

A digital twin is a digital replica of a building or infrastructure asset, connected to real data from systems, sensors and maintenance, that updates while the asset is in use. We build it from a survey or a BIM model, connect it to BMS, IoT and management systems, and use it to make decisions on energy, maintenance and space.

## How it is built

1. Survey (laser scanning, point cloud, Scan to BIM) or check of the existing BIM model. 2. Model for operations with coded assets and attributes. 3. Connection to BMS, IoT, maintenance and meters. 4. Operational use with dashboards, alerts and AI analytics. Case: Prato Hospital for Impresa Pizzarotti.

## FAQ

**What is the difference between BIM and a digital twin?**

BIM describes the asset as designed and built, with data updated at each delivery. A digital twin starts from an information model and connects it to data that changes over time, from BMS, sensors and maintenance, to describe how the asset works today.

**Do you need a BIM model to build a digital twin?**

You need an information model of the asset with coded assets. If a reliable BIM model exists, we start from it; if it is missing or does not match reality, we survey and build the model with Scan to BIM, limited to what operations need.

**Which systems does it connect to?**

Usually with the BMS, IoT sensors, energy and water meters and the maintenance system (CMMS or CAFM). The link uses APIs or open protocols; first we check which data is really available and at what quality.

**Can we start with part of the building?**

Yes, and it is often the best way: one system, one floor or one building of a complex. You measure the result against the chosen goal, then extend it.

URL: https://bimon.it/en/digital-twin